Explanation

A logarithm answers the question:

“To what power must the base be raised to get a certain number?”

Mathematical form:
logₐ(b) = c → aᶜ = b

Where:

• a = base (a > 0, a ≠ 1)

• b = result

• c = exponent

Example:
log₂(8) = 3 → because 2³ = 8

Common logarithms:

• Base 10: log₁₀(x), often written as log(x)

• Natural logarithm: logₑ(x), written as ln(x), base e ≈ 2.718